Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the
breakdown of immune tolerance leading to excessive inflammation and tissue damage …

There is a need to get a better understanding of pathogenesis and identify new biomarkers
in cSLE to more accurately predict outcomes. New insights into characterization of different …

The tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) promoter− 308 A/G polymorphism plays an important
role in the aetiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Several studies have estimated …

Background Traditional serological biomarkers often fail to assess systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE) disease activity and discriminate lupus nephritis (LN). The aim of this …

Preeclampsia (PE) occurs in women pregnant for more than 20 weeks with de novo
hypertension and proteinuria, and is a devastating disease in maternal–fetal medicine …

Purpose Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is a severe and chronic
autoimmune disease of unknown origin. Inflammatory cytokines can play a pivotal role in the …

There are over 80 defined autoimmune diseases, characterized by the activation of the
immune system and tissue damage in the absence of an external threat to the organism …

Background The defective clearance of apoptotic bodies in juvenile-onset systemic lupus
erythematosus (jSLE) potentially leads to the persistence of autoreactive lymphocytes and …

Background: TNF-α-308G/A (rs1800629) polymorphism has been previously implicated in
the susceptibility to esophageal cancer, but results of these studies remained controversial …

Abstract Background Cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), seem to contribute towards
the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), so this study was designed to evaluate …