The main aim of this book is to argue that the use of private force by states has been
restricted by a norm against mercenary use. The book traces the evolution of this norm, from …

The Founders' constitution—the one they had before the Revolution and the one they fought
the Revolution to preserve—was one in which violence played a lawmaking role. An …

This review examines recent work on the ideology, culture, and socio-economic composition
of early American militaries down to 1815. A fresh place has been given to the role of a …

AMERICAN soldiers from the War for Independence through the first year of the Civil War
demonstrated and defined their understanding of the nature of American republicanism and …

F OR the past thirty years, historians have been investigating the social origins of the men
who served in the armed forces during the formative years of the United States, from the …

It is with real pain, I inform you Excellency that the disaffected inhabitants of this County
[Somerset]... have arrived to so daring a Height of Insolence and Villainy that there appears …

In September 2012, the Department of the Army published new capstone doctrine, Army
Doctrine Publication 1 ADP 1, The Army, in which the concept of military professionalism …

At a session of the Confederation Congress on February 19, 1787, James Madison rose to
reflect on the federal government's failed attempts to mobilize an armed force to quell the …

When foreign dangers become domestic threats, how should governments respond? This
article turns to the past to better understand the present. Three rebellions in early American …

By investigating a diverse group of organizations in early national Philadelphia, ranging
from cultural and occupational to military and political societies, this dissertation addresses …