Pollen germination is a prerequisite for double fertilization of flowering plants. A
comprehensive understanding of the structural and molecular basis of pollen germination …

Recently, evolutionary relationships among the five major lineages of the basal
angiosperms, ie, Amborellanae, Nymphaeanae, Austrobaileyanae, Magnolianae, and …

Exine, the outer plant pollen wall, has elaborate species-specific patterns, provides a
protective barrier for male gametophytes, and serves as a mediator of strong and species …

Pollen grains, the male gametophytes of seed plants, surround themselves with a complex
pollen wall for protection from various environmental stresses. The deposition and assembly …

Background A key step in domestication of the grapevine was the transition from separate
sexes (dioecy) in wild Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris (V. sylvestris) to hermaphroditism in …

Palyno‐anatomical study of monocots taxa using Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM) was first time conducted with a view to evaluating their taxonomic significance …

The study of pollen should encompass all structural and ornamental aspects of the grain.
Pollen morphology is studied using LM and SEM and is important to visualize the general …

When pollen grains become exposed to the environment, they rapidly desiccate. To protect
themselves until rehydration, the grains undergo characteristic infolding with the help of …

Abstract Background and Aims Pollen grains of flowering plants display a fascinating
diversity of forms, including diverse patterns of apertures, the specialized areas on the …

Pollen wall exine is usually deposited non-uniformly on the pollen surface, with areas of low
exine deposition corresponding to pollen apertures. Little is known about how apertures …