The genetic material of all organisms is susceptible to modification. In some instances, these
changes are programmed, such as the formation of DNA double strand breaks during …

Hereditary defects in the repair of DNA damage are implicated in a variety of diseases, many
of which are typified by neurological dysfunction and/or increased genetic instability and …

Mammalian DNA base excision repair (BER) is accelerated by poly (ADP-ribose)
polymerases (PARPs) and the scaffold protein XRCC1. PARPs are sensors that detect …

TDP1 and TDP2 were discovered and named based on the fact they process 3′-and 5′-
DNA ends by excising irreversible protein tyrosyl-DNA complexes involving topoisomerases …

The human gene that encodes XRCC1 was cloned nearly thirty years ago but experimental
analysis of this fascinating protein is still unveiling new insights into the DNA damage …

A DNA double-strand break (DSB) has long been recognized as a severe cellular lesion,
potentially representing an initiating event for carcinogenesis or cell death. The evolution of …

The termini of DNA strand breaks induced by internal and external factors often require
processing before missing nucleotides can be replaced by DNA polymerases and the …

Poly-ADP-ribosylation is a unique post-translational modification participating in many
biological processes, such as DNA damage response. Here, we demonstrate that a set of …

Single-strand breaks (SSBs) can occur in cells either directly, or indirectly following initiation
of base excision repair (BER). SSBs generally have blocked termini lacking the conventional …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) affects motor neurons in the cerebral cortex, brainstem
and spinal cord and leads to death due to respiratory failure within three to five years …