Cancer development is closely associated with immunosuppressive tumor
microenvironment (TME) that attenuates antitumor immune responses and promotes tumor …

The immune system is the core defense against cancer development and progression.
Failure of the immune system to recognize and eliminate malignant cells plays an important …

Through the successes of checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapy,
immunotherapy has become an established treatment modality for cancer. Cellular …

It is a sad fact that despite being almost completely preventable through human
papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and screening, cervical cancer remains the fourth most …

Immune checkpoints consist of inhibitory and stimulatory pathways that maintain self-
tolerance and assist with immune response. In cancer, immune checkpoint pathways are …

Simple Summary The tumor immune escape mechanisms are key factors in cancer
progression and metastasis. They are an undeniable hurdle for successful cancer treatment …

The past decade of cancer research has been marked by a growing appreciation of the role
of immunity in cancer. Mutations in the tumour genome can cause tumours to express …

Cancers are able to grow by subverting immune suppressive pathways, to prevent the
malignant cells as being recognized as dangerous or foreign. This mechanism prevents the …

Adenosine is an immunosuppressive factor that limits anti-tumor immunity through the
suppression of multiple immune subsets including T cells via activation of the adenosine …

The balance between Th17 cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) has emerged as a prominent
factor in regulating autoimmunity and cancer. Th17 cells are vital for host defense against …