In Ptolemy II, models specify computations by composing actors. Many computations,
however, are awkward to specify this way. A common situation is where we wish to evaluate …

We provide an algebraic formalisation of connectors in BIP. These are used to structure
interactions in a component-based system. A connector relates a set of typed ports. Types …

SCADE is a high-level language and environment for developing safety-critical embedded
control software. It has been used for more than twenty years in various application domains …

The Simulink/Stateflow toolset is an integrated suite enabling model-based design and has
become popular in the automotive and aeronautics industries. We have previously …

We survey existing approaches to the formal verification of statecharts using model
checking. Although the semantics and subset of statecharts used in each approach varies …

Stream programs represent an important class of high-performance computations. Defined
by their regular processing of sequences of data, stream programs appear most commonly …

Clocks in synchronous data-flow languages are the natural way to define several time
scales in reactive systems. They play a fundamental role during the specification of the …

Functional programming techniques have been used to describe synchronous digital circuits
since the early 1980s. Here we survey the systems and formal underpinnings that constitute …

In complex systems, like robot plants, applications are built on top of a set of components, or
devices. Each of them has particular individual constraints, and there are also logical …

Specifications based on block diagrams and state machines are used to design control
software, especially in the certified development of safety-critical applications. Tools like …