Although the discovery of the critical role of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the pathogenesis of
Parkinson's disease (PD) is now twenty-five years old, it still represents a milestone in PD …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is clinically, pathologically, and genetically heterogeneous,
resisting distillation to a single, cohesive disorder. Instead, each affected individual develops …

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and its
prevalence has been projected to double over the next 30 years. An accurate diagnosis of …

In Parkinson disease (PD), pathological processes and neurodegeneration begin long
before the cardinal motor symptoms develop and enable clinical diagnosis. In this prodromal …

Importance Parkinson disease is the most common form of parkinsonism, a group of
neurological disorders with Parkinson disease–like movement problems such as rigidity …

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia that is
characterized by loss of muscle atonia during REM sleep (known as REM sleep without …

Mitochondrial dysfunction is strongly implicated in the etiology of idiopathic and genetic
Parkinson's disease (PD). However, strategies aimed at ameliorating mitochondrial …

Parkinson's disease has a long prodromal stage with various subclinical motor and non-
motor manifestations; however, their evolution in the years before Parkinson's disease is …

For the last two decades, pathogenic concepts in Parkinson disease (PD) have revolved
around the toxicity and spread of α-synuclein. Thus, α-synuclein would follow caudo-rostral …

The classic view portrays Parkinson disease (PD) as a motor disorder resulting from loss of
substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons. Multiple studies, however, describe …