One may wonder why methylxanthines are so abundant in beverages used by humans for
centuries, or in cola-drinks that have been heavily consumed since their appearance. It is …

Adenosine is an autacoid that plays a critical role in regulating cardiac function, including
heart rate, contractility, and coronary flow. In this chapter, current knowledge of the functions …

Background—Delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) carried by Na+-Ca2+-exchange current
(INCX) in response to sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak can promote atrial fibrillation …

Adenosine regulates the function of the innate and adaptive immune systems through
targeting virtually every cell type that is involved in orchestrating an immune/inflammatory …

Adenosine is a nucleoside that impacts the cardiovascular system via the activation of its
membrane receptors, named A1R, A2AR, A2BR and A3R. Adenosine is released during …

Adenosine is a purine nucleoside, which is produced inside the body under metabolic stress
like hypoxic conditions, acute or chronic inflammatory tissue insults. The synthesis of …

Cancer is a chronic disease and its pathogenesis is well correlated with infection and
inflammation. Adenosine is a purine nucleoside, which is produced under metabolic stress …

Purinergic signaling modulates dopaminergic neurotransmission in health and disease.
Classically adenosine A 1 and A 2A receptors have been considered key for the fine tune …

Adenosine, a catabolite of ATP, exerts numerous effects in the heart, including modulation of
the cardiac response to stress, such as that which occurs during myocardial ischemia and …

Aims Ageing-related cardiac disorders such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation often
present with intracellular calcium homeostasis dysfunction. However, knowledge of the …