Inflammation is increasingly recognized as being a critical contributor to both normal
development and injury outcome in the immature brain. The focus of this Review is to …

Coping with stress is fundamental for mental health, but understanding of the molecular
neurobiology of stress is still in its infancy. Adult neurogenesis is well known to be regulated …

As a crucial component of brain innate immunity, neuroinflammation initially contributes to
neuronal tissue repair and maintenance. However, chronic inflammatory processes within …

Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and myostatin (or GDF8) are closely related
members of the transforming growth factor β superfamily and are often perceived to serve …

Abstract Background ATP-gated P2X7 is a non-selective cation channel, which participates
in a wide range of cellular functions as well as pathophysiological processes including …

Epilepsy is a group of enduring neurological disorder characterized by spontaneous and
recurrent seizures with heterogeneous etiology, clinical expression, severity, and prognosis …

Aging is the biggest risk factor for several neurodegenerative diseases. Parabiosis
experiments have established that old mouse brains are improved by exposure to young …

TGF-β/Smad signalling has been the subject of extensive research due to its role in the cell
cycle and carcinogenesis. Modifications to the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway have been …

Soon after the discovery of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), seminal work in vertebrate
and invertebrate models revealed the TGF-β family to be central regulators of tissue …

Background In humans, interferon-α treatment for chronic viral hepatitis is a well-recognized
clinical model for inflammation-induced depression, but the molecular mechanisms …