Depression is one of the leading causes of disability, and, if left unmanaged, it can increase
the risk for suicide. The evidence base on the determinants of depression is fragmented …

Uremic encephalopathy encompasses a wide range of central nervous system
abnormalities associated with poor kidney function occurring with either progressive chronic …

Back ground Hemodialysis (HD) is a lifesaving procedure required for many patients with
end stage renal disease (ESRD) who are not able to undergo a kidney transplant. However …

Abstract Background The relationships between BUNCr (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
ratio) and cognitive function, as well as depressive symptoms, remain unclear. We aim to …

Introduction Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as key players in numerous
physiological functions. These vesicles alter their compositions attuned to the health and …

Background Depression and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are serious public health problems with
irreversible health consequences and a significant economic burden on the healthcare …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with anxiety disorder is of a great concern due to its high
morbidity and mortality. Urea, as an important toxin in CKD, is not only a pathological factor …

The urea cycle (UC) removes the excess nitrogen and ammonia generated by nitrogen-
containing compound composites or protein breakdown in the human body. Research has …

Background Studies have shown an association between depression and circulating
metabolites, but the causal relationship between them has not been elucidated. The …

Widespread elevations in brain urea have, in recent years, been reported in certain types of
age-related dementia, notably Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Huntington's disease (HD) …