Cellular mechanotransduction, a critical regulator of numerous biological processes, is the
conversion from mechanical signals to biochemical signals regarding cell activities and …

Vascular endothelial cells are subjected to hemodynamic forces such as mechanical stretch
due to the pulsatile nature of blood flow. Mechanical stretch of different intensities is …

The stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in regulating the
cellular programming. However, the mechanical characteristics of ECM affecting cell …

Age is the most significant risk factor for atherosclerosis; however, the link between age and
atherosclerosis is poorly understood. During both aging and atherosclerosis progression …

Reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxide, promote endothelial dysfunction and
alterations in vascular structure. It is increasingly recognized that inflammatory cytokines …

Inflammation and angiogenesis are frequently coupled in pathological situations such as
atherosclerosis, diabetes, and arthritis. The inflammatory response increases capillary …

High blood pressure is responsible for the modulation of blood vessel morphology and
function. Arterial hypertension is considered to play a significant role in atherosclerotic …

Metabolic syndrome (MS) involves people with the following risk factors: obesity,
hypertension, high glucose level and hyperlipidemia. It can increase the risk of heart …

Increased vascular stiffness is fundamental to hypertension, and its complications, including
atherosclerosis, suggest that therapy should also be directed at vascular stiffness, rather …

For vascular remodeling in hypertension, it is essential that vascular smooth muscle cells
(VSMCs) reshape in order to proliferate and migrate. The extracellular matrix (ECM) needs …