Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of
melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with …

Myeloid cells are the most abundant immune components of the tumour microenvironment,
where they have a variety of functions, ranging from immunosuppressive to …

Growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota modulates the efficacy and toxicity of
cancer therapy, most notably immunotherapy and its immune-related adverse effects. The …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have achieved remarkable clinical responses
in patients with many different types of cancer; however, most patients who receive ICB …

The immune system can eliminate tumors, but checkpoints enable immune escape. Here,
we identify immune evasion mechanisms using genome-scale in vivo CRISPR screens …

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane
protein that is a target of therapeutics for infectious diseases and cancer. However, early …

Prolonged interferon (IFN) signaling in cancer cells can promote resistance to immune
checkpoint blockade (ICB). How cancer cells retain effects of prolonged IFN stimulation to …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells endowed with high
tumorigenic, chemoresistant and metastatic potential. Nongenetic mechanisms of acquired …

Poor tumor infiltration, development of exhaustion, and antigen insufficiency are common
mechanisms that limit chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell efficacy. Delivery of pattern …

The enhancement of immune responses upon treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors
can have the desired outcome of reinvigorating antitumour immune surveillance, but often at …