Extreme solar events

EW Cliver, CJ Schrijver, K Shibata… - Living Reviews in Solar …, 2022 - Springer
We trace the evolution of research on extreme solar and solar-terrestrial events from the
1859 Carrington event to the rapid development of the last twenty years. Our focus is on the …

Radiocarbon: a key tracer for studying Earth's dynamo, climate system, carbon cycle, and Sun

TJ Heaton, E Bard, C Bronk Ramsey, M Butzin… - Science, 2021 - science.org
BACKGROUND Radiocarbon (14C) has long been recognized as providing an essential
dating method covering the past 55,000 years. However, the further role of 14C as a …

The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0–55 cal kBP)

PJ Reimer, WEN Austin, E Bard, A Bayliss… - …, 2020 - cambridge.org
Radiocarbon (14C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological
or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents …

Impact of space weather on climate and habitability of terrestrial-type exoplanets

VS Airapetian, R Barnes, O Cohen… - International Journal of …, 2020 - cambridge.org
The search for life in the Universe is a fundamental problem of astrobiology and modern
science. The current progress in the detection of terrestrial-type exoplanets has opened a …

The IntCal20 approach to radiocarbon calibration curve construction: a new methodology using Bayesian splines and errors-in-variables

TJ Heaton, M Blaauw, PG Blackwell, CB Ramsey… - …, 2020 - cambridge.org
To create a reliable radiocarbon calibration curve, one needs not only high-quality data but
also a robust statistical methodology. The unique aspects of much of the calibration data …

Statistical properties of superflares on solar-type stars: results using all of the Kepler primary mission data

S Okamoto, Y Notsu, H Maehara… - The Astrophysical …, 2021 - iopscience.iop.org
We report the latest statistical analyses of superflares on solar-type (G-type main-sequence;
effective temperature is 5100–6000 K) stars using all of the Kepler primary mission data and …

Cosmogenic radionuclides reveal an extreme solar particle storm near a solar minimum 9125 years BP

CI Paleari, F Mekhaldi, F Adolphi, M Christl… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
During solar storms, the Sun expels large amounts of energetic particles (SEP) that can
react with the Earth's atmospheric constituents and produce cosmogenic radionuclides such …

Development of space weather reasonable worst‐case scenarios for the UK national risk assessment

M Hapgood, MJ Angling, G Attrill, M Bisi, PS Cannon… - 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Severe space weather was identified as a risk to the UK in 2010 as part of a wider review of
natural hazards triggered by the societal disruption caused by the eruption of the …

Extreme climate after massive eruption of Alaska's Okmok volcano in 43 BCE and effects on the late Roman Republic and Ptolemaic Kingdom

JR McConnell, M Sigl, G Plunkett… - Proceedings of the …, 2020 - National Acad Sciences
The assassination of Julius Caesar in 44 BCE triggered a power struggle that ultimately
ended the Roman Republic and, eventually, the Ptolemaic Kingdom, leading to the rise of …

Hemispheric black carbon increase after the 13th-century Māori arrival in New Zealand

JR McConnell, NJ Chellman, R Mulvaney, S Eckhardt… - Nature, 2021 - nature.com
New Zealand was among the last habitable places on earth to be colonized by humans.
Charcoal records indicate that wildfires were rare prior to colonization and widespread …