The size and arrangement of fibres play a determinate role in the kinetic and energetic
performance of muscles. Extrapolations between fibre architecture and performance …

The mammalian cranium (skull without lower jaw) is representative of mammalian diversity
and is thus of particular interest to mammalian biologists across disciplines. One widely …

Geometric morphometrics (GM) and finite element analysis (FEA) are increasingly common
techniques for the study of form and function. We show how principles of quantitative …

Paranasal sinuses are highly variable among living and fossil hominins and their function (s)
are poorly understood. It has been argued they serve no particular function and are …

Three adaptive hypotheses have been forwarded to explain the distinctive Neanderthal
face:(i) an improved ability to accommodate high anterior bite forces,(ii) more effective …

Recent biomechanical analyses examining the feeding adaptations of early hominins have
yielded results consistent with the hypothesis that hard foods exerted a selection pressure …

Selection for divergent performance optima has been proposed as a central mechanism
underlying adaptive radiation. Uncovering multiple optima requires identifying forms …

Comparative morphology, dealing with the diversity of form and shape, and functional
morphology, the study of the relationship between the structure and the function of an …

The biology of the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, is well documented—
including its dietary habits, particularly the ability to crush shell with gnathobasic walking …

This review examines literature that used physiological cross‐sectional area (PCSA) as a
representative measure of an individual muscle's maximal isometric force production. PCSA …