Insects combat infection by mounting powerful immune responses that are mediated by
hemocytes, the fat body, the midgut, the salivary glands and other tissues. Foreign …

Evidence for innate immune memory (or 'priming') in invertebrates has been accumulating
over the last years. We here provide an in-depth review of the current state of evidence for …

Social insect colonies have evolved many collectively performed adaptations that reduce the
impact of infectious disease and that are expected to maximize their fitness. This colony …

Propolis has gained wide popularity over the last decades in several parts of the world. In
parallel, the literature about propolis composition and biological properties increased …

The scientific study of networks-computer, social, and biological-has received an enormous
amount of interest in recent years. However, the network approach has been applied to the …

This paper introduces a theme issue presenting the latest developments in research on the
impacts of sociality on health and fitness. The articles that follow cover research on societies …

Parasites can dramatically reduce the fitness of their hosts, and natural selection should
favor defense mechanisms that can protect hosts against disease. Much work has focused …

Grooming is a well-recognized, multipurpose, behavior in arthropods and vertebrates. In this
paper, we review the literature to highlight the physical function, neurophysiological …

Avian parents and social insect colonies are victimized by interspecific brood parasites—
cheats that procure costly care for their dependent offspring by leaving them in another …

Animal production systems (APSs) have long been transformed through intensification,
specialization and geographical concentration, leading them to become major …