In late 1993 and early 1994, two distinct lines of research converged on a new tumor
suppressor gene located on human chromosome 9p21. The órst report was of the existence …

The last fifteen years have seen an explosive progress in our knowledge of how cell
proliferation and differentiation are regulated by extracellular factors. A few growth factors …

CDKN2A, the gene encoding the cell-cycle inhibitor p16 CDKN2A, was first identified in
1994. Since then, somatic mutations have been observed in many cancers and germline …

This literature review and the recommendations therein were prepared for the American
Gastroenterological Association Clinical Practice and Practice Economics Committee. The …

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia is often associated with pancreatic ductal
adenocarcinoma and is presumed to be its precursor. It has been difficult to determine the …

Germline mutations in the p16 and CDK4 genes have been reported in a subset of
melanoma pedigrees, but their prevalence is not well known. We searched for such …

There are a large number of stable pancreatic ductal carcinoma cell lines that are used by
researchers worldwide. Detailed data about their differentiation status and growth features …

Pancreatic cancer is fundamentally a disease of inherited and acquired mutations in cancer-
related genes. The genes targeted in pancreatic cancer include tumor-suppressor genes …

Cancer of the pancreas is a genetic disease. Sporadic cancers of the pancreas are
frequently associated with the activation of an oncogene, K-ras, and the inactivation of …

This study describes a tumor progression model for ductal pancreatic cancer in mice
overexpressing TGF-α. Activation of Ras and Erk causes induction of cyclin D1-Cdk4 without …