Effective radiotherapy for cancer has relied on the promise of maximally eradicating tumor
cells while minimally killing normal cells. Technological advancement has provided state-of …

Cancer cells undergo unlimited progression and survival owing to activation of oncogenes.
However, support of the tumor microenvironment is essential to the formation of clinically …

Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) is an intracellular second messenger that is synthesized in
response to cytosolic double-stranded DNA and activates the innate immune STING …

Resistance to cancer therapy remains a major challenge in clinical oncology. Although the
initial treatment phase is often successful, eventual resistance, characterized by tumour …

Despite progressive improvements in the management of patients with locoregionally
confined, advanced-stage solid tumours, distant metastasis remains a very common—and …

Administration of exogenous CDNs to activate the cGAMP-STING pathway is a promising
therapeutic strategy to unleash the full potential of cancer immunotherapy. This strategy …

During cancer metastasis, tumor cells undergo significant deformation in order to traverse
through endothelial cell junctions in the walls of blood vessels. As cells pass through narrow …

Purpose Hypoxia (low oxygen) is a common feature of solid tumors that has been intensely
studied for more than six decades. Here we review the importance of hypoxia to …

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) expression correlates with
poor prognosis in many cancers, and we previously discovered that ENPP1 is the dominant …

It is well known that tumor cells migrate from the primary lesion to distant sites to form
metastases and that these lesions limit patient outcome in a majority of cases. However, the …