Importance The concept of minorities' diminished returns refers to the smaller protective
effects of educational attainment for racial and ethnic minority groups compared with those …

Background: Minorities' diminished returns (MDRs) refer to weaker effects of socioeconomic
status (SES) indicators such as parental educational attainment and family income in …

Background Recent research on Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) has
documented weaker boosting effects of parental educational attainment on educational …

Background: Although other mechanisms are also involved, at least one reason high
educational attainment (EA) is associated with better health is lower employment stress in …

Reducing tobacco use is an important public health objective. It is the largest preventable
cause of death and disease, yet inequalities remain. This study examines combined …

Background: Although high educational attainment is linked to better health and lower
health risk behaviors, this effect may be systemically smaller for racial and ethnic minority …

Background: Although higher educational attainment lowers high-risk behaviors such as
substance use, according to the Minorities' Diminished Returns theory, the effect of …

The Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDR) phenomenon refers to the weaker
effects of parental educational attainment for marginalized groups, particularly ethnic …

Background Higher education is widely recognized as a strategy to mitigate food insecurity.
However, marginalized and racialized groups, especially Latinos, often do not experience …

Background: Although educational attainment is protective against health risk behaviors
such as smoking, Minorities' Diminished Returns theory posits that these protective effects …