Background context: Despite clinical evidence for the benefits of spinal maniputation and the
apparent wide usage of it, the biological mechanisms underlying the effects of spinal …

Idiopathic low back pain has confounded health care practitioners for decades. Although
there has been much advance in the understanding of the biomechanics of the lumbar spine …

Study Design. A porcine model was used to study whether muscular activation in the
paraspinal muscles caused by nerve stimulation in the anulus fibrosus of a lumbar …

Idiopathic low back pain has confounded health care practitioners for decades. The cellular
and neural mechanisms that lead to facet pain, discogenic pain, and sciatica are not well …

Study Design. Cervical facet capsular strains were determined during bending and at failure
in the human cadaver. Objective. To determine the effect of an axial pretorque on facet …

The purpose of this study was to characterize somatosensory units of the lumbar facet joint,
which may play a central role in idiopathic low-back pain. A laminectomy was performed on …

The spinal viscoelastic structures including disk, capsule and ligaments were reviewed with
special focus on their sensory motor functions. Afferent capable of monitoring proprioceptive …

Sixteen adult human lumbar spine facet joints were harvested from patients undergoing
various lumbar spine procedures. Diagnoses included degenerative disc disease, adult …

Whiplash injury is the most common motor vehicle injury, yet it is also one of the most poorly
understood. Here we examine the evidence supporting an organic basis for acute and …

Study Design. The levels of dorsal root ganglia and paravertebral sympathetic ganglia
innervating the lumbar facet joint were investigated in rats using the retrograde transport …