Reactive oxygen species (ROS, partial reduction or derivatives of free radicals) are highly
reactive, dangerous and can cause oxidative cell death. In addition to their role as toxic by …

Global warming and climate change are driving an alarming increase in the frequency and
intensity of different abiotic stresses, such as droughts, heat waves, cold snaps, and …

In plants, there is a complex and multilevel network of the antioxidative system (AOS)
operating to counteract harmful reactive species (RS), the foremost important of which are …

Each year, abiotic stress conditions such as drought, heat, salinity, cold and particularly their
different combinations, inflict a heavy toll on crop productivity worldwide. The effects of these …

As fixed organisms, plants are especially affected by changes in their environment and have
consequently evolved extensive mechanisms for acclimation and adaptation. Initially …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium (Ca2+) signalling are interconnected in the
perception and transmission of environmental signals that control plant growth, development …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the acclimation process of plants to abiotic
stress. They primarily function as signal transduction molecules that regulate different …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to play a dual role in plant biology. They are
required for many important signaling reactions, but are also toxic byproducts of aerobic …

Stomata, the pores formed by a pair of guard cells, are the main gateways for water
transpiration and photosynthetic CO2 exchange, as well as pathogen invasion in land …

In plants, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed during normal conditions are essential
in regulating several processes, like stomatal physiology, pathogen immunity and …