The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been increasing worldwide, and diabetic kidney
disease (DKD) remains one of the leading long-term complications of T2D. Several lines of …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD),
including atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. Some anti-diabetic medications …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as essential signaling molecules regulating
cell survival, death, inflammation, differentiation, growth, and immune response …

Diabetes is one of the chronic metabolic disorders which poses a multitude of life-
debilitating challenges, including cardiac muscle impairment, which eventually results in …

Mitochondria are essential for neuronal function. They produce ATP to meet energy
demands, regulate homeostasis of ion levels such as calcium and regulate reactive oxygen …

Stimulation of angiotensin II receptor (ATR) with angiotensin II (Ang II) accelerates cardiac
fibroblast activation, resulting in upregulation of cytokines and growth factors. Growth factors …

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a global chronic disease in adults with beta-amyloid (Aβ)
deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau protein as the pathologic characteristics. Although …

Mitochondrial dysfunction under diabetic condition leads to the development and
progression of neurodegenerative complications. Recently, the beneficial effects of …

Metabolic diseases, particularly diabetes mellitus (DM), are significant global public health
concerns. Despite the widespread use of standard-of-care therapies, cardiovascular disease …

Aging and aging-related diseases have emerged as increasingly severe health and social
problems. Therefore, it is imperative to discover novel and effective therapeutics to delay the …