This Seminar presents the current best practice for the diagnosis and management of
bladder cancer. The scope of this Seminar ranges from current challenges in pathology …

Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors that contributes to angiogenesis, invasiveness,
metastasis, altered metabolism and genomic instability. As hypoxia is a major actor in tumor …

Background BC2001, the largest randomised trial of bladder-sparing treatment for muscle-
invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), demonstrated improvement in locoregional control by …

Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumours affecting their biology and response to
therapy. One of the main transcription factors activated by hypoxia is hypoxia-inducible …

Radical cystectomy with perioperative chemotherapy remains the gold standard treatment
for MIBC patients. Nevertheless, BSS can be considered a viable option in selected patients …

Hypoxia (oxygen deprivation) occurs in most solid malignancies, albeit with considerable
heterogeneity. Hypoxia is associated with an aggressive cancer phenotype by promotion of …

Organ-sparing combined-modality treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer remains
underutilized despite high-quality evidence regarding its efficacy, safety, and preservation of …

Gene editing technologies help identify the genetic perturbations driving tumour initiation,
growth, metastasis and resistance to therapeutics. This wealth of information highlights …

Bladder preservation with trimodality treatment (TMT) is an alternative strategy to radical
cystectomy (RC) for the management of localised muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) …

Over the last two to three decades the non-surgical curative management of bladder cancer
has significantly progressed. Increasing evidence supports the use of bladder preservation …