Abstract Background The Center for Disease Control (CDC) and Kaiser Permanente
developed the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) scale to identify negative experiences …

Abstract Objective. In 1998, Felitti and colleagues published the first study of the Adverse
Childhood Experiences-Questionnaire (ACE-Q), a 10-item scale used to correlate childhood …

Child maltreatment incurs a high lifetime cost per victim and creates a substantial US
population economic burden. This study aimed to use the most recent data and …

Children who have been exposed to maltreatment and other adverse childhood experiences
(ACEs) are at increased risk for various negative adult health outcomes, including cancer …

Purpose: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with negative
health outcomes, but the evidence has had limited application in primary care practice. The …

Growing evidence suggests that toxic stressors early in life not only convey developmental
impacts but also augment risk of proliferating chains of additional stressors that can …

Background: More than a third of the approximately 10 million women with histories of
interpersonal violence in the United States develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) …

OBJECTIVES: To present new estimates of the average lifetime costs per child maltreatment
victim and aggregate lifetime costs for all new child maltreatment cases incurred in 2008 …

The past two decades have witnessed an increase in programs targeting children and youth
impacted by traumatic events, with a heightened focus on ensuring that all such programs …

Background: The relationship of health risk behavior and disease in adulthood to the
breadth of exposure to childhood emotional, physical, or sexual abuse, and household …