Nicotine has a unique profile among drugs of abuse. To the noninitiated user, nicotine has
powerful aversive effects and its relatively weak euphorigenic effects undergo rapid …

Habitual use of nicotine containing products increases propensity to misuse prescription
opioids and its prevalence is substantially increased in individuals currently involved in …

Abstract Background Nicotine exposure enhances Pavlovian conditioned approach (PCA),
or the learned approach to reward-predictive cues. While females show elevated approach …

Opioid use disorder (OUD) and opioid‐related deaths remain a significant public health
crisis having reached epidemic status globally. OUDs are defined as chronic, relapsing …

Pavlovian learning processes can render cues and contexts associated with drug-taking
experiences into powerful motivators, such that exposure to such stimuli can elicit drug …

Individual variation in sign-and goal-tracking during Pavlovian conditioned approach
(PavCA) is thought to reflect a psychological trait that we refer to as the tendency to attribute …

Exposure to alcohol during adolescence impacts cortical and limbic brain regions
undergoing maturation. In rodent models, long-term effects on behavior and …

Rationale Nicotine promotes alcohol intake through pharmacological and behavioral
interactions. As an example of the latter, nicotine can facilitate approach toward food-and …

Background Drug pre-exposure attenuates sensitivity to the interoceptive stimulus properties
of additional subsequently administered drugs in drug-induced conditioned taste avoidance …

Reward uncertainty is a common characteristic of gambling and may powerfully enhance
attraction to gambling-related cues, thus promoting maladaptive gambling behaviors in …