Energy-efficient routing protocols in Internet of Things (IoT) applications are always of
colossal importance as they improve the network's longevity. The smart grid (SG) application …

The increasing use of Internet of Things (IoT) applications had generated significant traffic
delays and large amounts of data, impacting the delivery and efficiency of these …

In modern cities, tunnels and underpasses have become very common and are essential to
the proper functioning of cities. In recent times, many incidents have been reported where …