Whether one is male or female is one of the most important determinants of human health.
While males are more susceptible to cardiovascular and infectious disease, they are …

Sex differences between women and men are often overlooked and underappreciated when
studying the cardiovascular system. It has been long assumed that men and women are …

As with blood pressure, age-related changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA)
may differ nonlinearly between sexes. Data acquired from 398 male (age: 39±17; range: 18 …

From its origins in how the brain controls the endocrine system via the hypothalamus and
pituitary gland, neuroendocrinology has evolved into a science that now includes hormone …

Sex has an important influence on blood pressure (BP) regulation. There is increasing
evidence that sex hormones interfere with the renin-angiotensin system. Thus the purpose of …

Our previous studies demonstrated that premenopausal women have dominant vagal and
subordinate sympathetic activity compared with age-matched men. This study was designed …

Females begin to demonstrate greater negative affective responses to stress than males in
adolescence. This may reflect the concurrent emergence of underlying differences in …

The autonomic nervous system is a key regulator of cardiovascular system. In this review we
focus on how sex and aging influence autonomic regulation of blood pressure in humans in …

Premenopausal women have lower blood pressure and a reduced incidence of
cardiovascular disease compared with age-matched men. Similar sex differences have …

It has been shown that the female sex hormones have a protective role in the development
of angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced hypertension. The present study tested the hypotheses …