Fecal microbial community changes are associated with numerous disease states, including
cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, such data are merely associative. A causal …

Advances in our understanding of how the gut microbiota contributes to human health and
diseases have expanded our insight into how microbial composition and function affect the …

An increasing amount of evidence reveals that the gut microbiota is involved in the
pathogenesis and progression of various cardiovascular diseases. In patients with heart …

Obesity is causally linked with the development of cardiovascular disorders. Accumulating
evidence indicates that cardiovascular disease is the collateral damage of obesity-driven …

The onset of heart failure is typically preceded by cardiac hypertrophy, a response of the
heart to increased workload, a cardiac insult such as a heart attack or genetic mutation …

By virtue of their actions on NF-κB, an inflammatory nuclear transcription factor, various
cytokines have been documented to play important regulatory roles in determining cardiac …

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to independently validate the recent observations
on the predictive role of red cell distribution width (RDW) for outcomes in chronic heart …

Background—Previous reports have shown that elevated circulating levels of cytokines
and/or cytokine receptors predict adverse outcomes in patients with heart failure. However …

Background Immune activation in patients with chronic heart failure may be secondary to
endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) action. We investigated the hypothesis that altered gut …

Many methods have been used to assess the presence It is believed that malnutrition is
common in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). They have reduced of malnutrition in …