Small and medium-sized enterprises form a significant part of the economy of each country
with the greatest potential for growth and the impact on stabilizing the economy. Their …

The potential surface settlement, especially in urban areas, is one of the most hazardous
factors in subway and other infrastructure tunnel excavations. Therefore, accurate prediction …

Ground settlements above a tunnel as a result of tunnel construction can be predicted with
the help of input variables that have direct physical significance. Several empirical and …

In order to avoid damage during shield tunnel construction to adjacent buildings on the
ground, it is of paramount importance to precisely predict the Maximum Surface Settlement …

The main purpose of this study was to provide a three-dimensional numerical model, which
would allow the tunnel lining behaviour and the displacement field surrounding the tunnel to …

Modern tunnel design and construction requires appropriate techniques and technologies
during all phases of a tunnel project. Selecting a suitable excavation procedure for large …

Nowadays, with increasing urbanization and population of cities, the amount of internal
transportations enlarged. To facilitate these movements, need for subway tunnels has been …

Several studies have been focused on minimizing construction risks of underground works.
However, additional studies regarding excavation face stability, which has great influence …

A case study of a significant surface settlement induced by tunneling in permeable strata
with the shallow tunneling method is presented in this paper. The measurements of surface …

Displacement of rock mass in tunnels and underground mines is considered one of the most
hazardous phenomena that can cause the collapse of the structures. In this study, the rock …