Rapid urbanization and high-density development are major drivers of global warming. The
associations of spatial landscape patterns with urban thermal environments have been …

In this article, a new index, the visible and shortwave infrared drought index (VSDI), is
proposed for monitoring both soil and vegetation moisture using optical spectral bands …

Urban heat island (UHI), a phenomenon in which land surface temperatures (LSTs) in an
urban area are notably higher than that in the surrounding rural area, has made the living …

Field experiments were carried out during the summer/autumn (first trial) and winter/spring
(second trial) seasons of 2019 and 2021 in the Dlangubo, Ngwelezane, and Mtubatuba …

The vegetation of the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) is strongly influenced by climate. El Niño
events, seasonality, isolation, volcanism, and increasing human activity define the …

Kenya is dominated by a rainfed agricultural economy. Recurrent droughts influence food
security. Remotely sensed data can provide high-resolution results when coupled with a …

Mangrove forests are considered one of the most complex and dynamic ecosystems facing
various challenges due to anthropogenic disturbance and climate change. The excessive …

Bangka Belitung Archipelago is a province consisting of many islands and coastal areas,
including mangrove ecosystems. Mangrove forests have experienced a decline since the …

Predicting and mapping the appropriate habitat for endangered and threatened species is
crucial for monitoring and restoring their dwindling populations in their natural surroundings …

Detection, monitoring and precise assessment of the snow covered regions is an important
issue. Snow cover area and consequently the amount of runoff generated from snowmelt …