Among plant-derived secondary metabolites are benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) that
play a vital role in medicine. The most conspicuous BIAs frequently found in opium poppy …

Objectives: Codeine dependence is a significant public health problem, motivating the
recent rescheduling of codeine in Australia (1 February 2018). To provide information for …

Purpose There has been concern regarding the increasing use of opioids and related harm.
We present data on opioid utilisation across Australia and consider sociodemographic …

Introduction In the late 1990s multiple physicians and advocacy organizations promoted
increased use of opioids for the treatment of acute, chronic and cancer pain. There has been …

ObjectivesGlobal concern around over the counter availability of codeine containing
products and risk of misuse, dependence and related harms are evident. A …

Codeine is a widely used analgesic, that is available for sale in pharmacies over the counter
(OTC) in a number of countries including the UK, South Africa, Ireland, France and Australia …

Purpose The extent and factors associated with codeine use in the community remain poorly
understood despite the widespread global use of codeine. The aim of this study was to …

Background There has been a well-documented increase in the non-medical use of
pharmaceutical opioids (PO) worldwide. However, there has been little detailed examination …

Abstract Purpose of Review To summarize current patterns of pharmaceutical opioid use,
extra-medical use, and harms across Australasia, with a focus on Australia and New …

Background. General practitioners are referring patients with codeine-related problems to
specialist treatment facilities, but little is known about the addiction treatment providers, the …