Microglia are the main resident immune cells of the nervous system and as such they are
involved in multiple roles ranging from tissue homeostasis to response to insults and circuit …

Retinal occlusive diseases are common diseases that can lead to visual impairment. Retinal
artery occlusion and retinal vein occlusion are included in the clinical entity, but they have …

Sphingolipids play an important role in the development of diabetes, both type 1 and type 2
diabetes, as well as in the development of both micro-and macro-vascular complications …

Ocular neovascular disease (OND), characterized by the aberrant formation of immature
blood vessels, is the leading cause of vision impairment and blindness. It is important to find …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), can cause severe visual
loss. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) plays a crucial role in retinal physiology but is …

Oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the development and progression of
retinal diseases. Retinal damage by various etiologies can result in retinopathy of …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes irreversible vision-loss among the elderly
in industrial countries. Neovascular AMD (nAMD), which refers to late-stage AMD, is …

Ocular neovascularization is a devastating pathology observed in numerous ocular
diseases and is a major cause of blindness. However, all current treatments have their …

Introduction Age related macular degeneration (AMD) causes legal blindness worldwide,
with few therapeutic targets in early disease and no treatments for 80% of cases …

To investigate the incidence and risk of advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD),
including geographic atrophy (GA) and macular neovascularization (MNV), in eyes with …