Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) modules play key roles in the transduction of
environmental and developmental signals through phosphorylation of downstream signaling …

Plants have developed effective mechanisms to recognize and respond to infections caused
by pathogens. Plant resistance gene analogs (RGAs), as resistance (R) gene candidates …

Inflammation is a protective response of the body potentially caused by microbial, viral, or
fungal infections, tissue damage, or even autoimmune reactions. The cardinal signs of …

Plant biostimulants are compounds, living microorganisms, or their constituent parts that
alter plant development programs. The impact of biostimulants is manifested in several …

Crop plants are vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic stresses, whereas plants tend to
retain their physiological mechanisms by evolving cellular regulation. To mitigate the …

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) form tightly controlled signaling cascades that
play essential roles in plant growth, development, and defense response. However, the …

Background Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) plays essential roles in the
development, hormone regulation and abiotic stress response of plants. Nevertheless, a …

Background Ca 2+ ion is a versatile second messenger that operate in a wide ranges of
cellular processes that impact nearly every aspect of life. Ca 2+ regulates gene expression …

NAC (NAM, ATAF1, 2, and CUC2) transcription factors are one of the largest transcription
factor families found in the plants and are involved in diverse developmental and signalling …

Key message StMAPK11 overexpression promotes potato growth, physiological activities
and photosynthesis under drought conditions. Abstract Mitogen-activated protein kinases …