Riparian zones are among the most valuable ecosystems on the earth. They act as the
ecological engineers that improve river health through delivering a range of ecosystem …

The few percent of soil organic carbon (SOC) among mineral components form the interface
of climate, plant growth, soil biological processes, physical transport infrastructure, and …

Poverty has many faces and poverty reduction many pathways in different contexts. Lack of
food and income interact with lack of access to water, energy, protection from floods, voice …

ABSTRACT Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) initiatives, which provide financial
incentives for management practices thought to increase the production of environmental …

Decision makers call upon and fund science to solve urgent problems, catalyze innovation,
and inform policy decisions. But the standard categories for describing, planning and …

Highlights•Externalities are plausible impacts not sufficiently taken into account given values
involved.•Using financial incentives is only one of many ways to internalize externalities.• …

Highlights•Multiple types of motivation and values underlay REDD+ in both Indonesia and
Vietnam.•Instrumental (goal-oriented, ecological–economic) values of nature target …

The Chinese government has proposed to establish an ecological compensation (EC)
mechanism for air quality to deal with the country's serious air pollution problem; however …

Highlights•In the PES debate, auctions hold a special niche.•Auctions interface instrumental,
intrinsic and relational values.•PES auctions are multilayered decision-making of integrated …

Restoration depends on purpose and context. At the core it entails innovation to halt
ongoing and reverse past degradation. It aims for increased functionality, not necessarily …