Regional integration in Africa: Challenges and prospects

J De Melo, Y Tsikata - 2015 - papers.ssrn.com
Political motives, geography, and the uneven distribution of gains trumped the traditional
efficiency gains across Africa's Regional Economic Communities (RECs). The small …

Asian FTAs: Trends, prospects and challenges

M Kawai, G Wignaraja - Journal of Asian Economics, 2011 - Elsevier
Although a latecomer, economically important Asia has emerged at the forefront of global
free trade agreement (FTA) activity. This has sparked concerns about the negative effects of …

[HTML][HTML] Do environmental provisions in trade agreements make exports from developing countries greener?

C Brandi, J Schwab, A Berger, JF Morin - World Development, 2020 - Elsevier
Environmental provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) are increasing in terms of
their number and variety. The economic effects of these environmental provisions remain …

Horizontal depth: a new database on the content of preferential trade agreements

C Hofmann, A Osnago, M Ruta - World Bank Policy Research …, 2017 - papers.ssrn.com
Preferential trade agreements are an important feature of the global trade system. Several
questions, ranging from the rationale for preferential arrangements to their impact on …

The design of international trade agreements: Introducing a new dataset

A Dür, L Baccini, M Elsig - The Review of International Organizations, 2014 - Springer
Preferential trade agreements (PTAs) have been proliferating for the last twenty years. A
large literature has studied various aspects of this phenomenon. Until recently, however …

Trade creation and trade diversion in deep agreements

A Mattoo, A Mulabdic, M Ruta - Canadian Journal of Economics …, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Preferential trade agreements have boomed in recent years and extended their reach well
beyond tariff reduction, to cover policy areas such as investment, services, competition and …

Preferential trade agreements

N Limão - Handbook of commercial policy, 2016 - Elsevier
A large and growing number of countries participate in multiple preferential trade
agreements (PTAs), which increasingly entail broad cooperation over policies extending far …

[图书][B] The customs union issue

J Viner - 2014 - books.google.com
Jacob Viner's The Customs Union Issue was originally published in 1950 by the Carnegie
Endowment for International Peace. It set the framework for the contemporary debate over …

21st Century Regionalism: Filling the gap between 21st century trade and 20th century trade rules

R Baldwin - 2011 - econstor.eu
This paper weaves several sets of facts into an argument that: 1) today's trade is radically
more complex, involving a trade-investment-service nexus, 2) this 21st century trade …

Free trade under fire

DA Irwin - 2020 - torrossa.com
“TRADE is BAD.” So wrote President Donald Trump on a draft speech he was editing on Air
Force One while returning from a G-20 summit meeting in 2017.1 This statement reflects the …