Historically the culture of mammalian cells in the laboratory has been performed on planar
substrates with media cocktails that are optimized to maintain phenotype. However, it is …

Controlling the interactions between macrophages and biomaterials is critical for modulating
the response to implants. While it has long been thought that biomaterial surface chemistry …

Smooth muscle (SM) exhibits a highly organized structural hierarchy that extends over
multiple spatial scales to perform a wide range of functions at the cellular, tissue, and organ …

Skeletal muscle fibers are formed by the fusion of mononucleated myoblasts into long linear
myotubes, which differentiate and reorganize into multinucleated myofibers that assemble in …

Tongue weakness, like all weakness in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), occurs as a
result of contraction-induced muscle damage and deficient muscular repair. Although …

The efficacy of cardiac cell therapy depends on the integration of existing and newly formed
cardiomyocytes. Here, we developed a minimal in vitro model of this interface by …

Access to smooth muscle cells (SMC) would create opportunities for tissue engineering,
drug testing, and disease modeling. Herein we report the direct conversion of human …

Mechanical forces are key regulators of cell and tissue physiology. The basic molecular
mechanism of fiber contraction by the sliding of actin filament upon myosin leading to …

The role of valvular interstitial cell (VIC) architecture in regulating cardiac valve function and
pathology is not well understood. VICs are known to be more elongated in a hypertensive …

Fabrication of a 3D in vitro model that mimics the artery takes an important role in
understanding pathological cell behaviors and mechanisms of vascular diseases by …