Low back pain is a very common symptom. It occurs in high-income, middle-income, and low-
income countries and all age groups from children to the elderly population. Globally, years …

Discogenic back pain is multifactorial; hence, physicians often struggle to identify the
underlying source of the pain. As a result, discogenic back pain is often hard to treat—even …

BACKGROUND: The use of bone marrow concentrate (BMC) for treatment of
musculoskeletal disorders has become increasingly popular over the last several years, as …

Background In previous studies, Propionibacterium acnes was cultured from intervertebral
disc tissue of~ 25% of patients undergoing microdiscectomy, suggesting a possible link …

The cartilaginous endplates (CEP) are key components of the intervertebral disc (IVD)
necessary for sustaining the nutrition of the disc while distributing mechanical loads and …

Most patients with acute low back pain (LBP), with or without radiculopathy, have substantial
improvements in pain and function in the first 4 weeks, and they do not require routine …

Our previous study verified the occurrence of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), a low‐
virulence anaerobic bacterium, latently residing in degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) …

Abstract Background Context Modic changes (MCs) are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
evidence of inflammatory and fibrotic vertebral bone marrow lesions that associate with …

Objectives Modic type 1 changes (MC1) are vertebral endplate bone marrow (BM) lesions
observed on magnetic resonance images in sub-populations of chronic low back pain …

Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are characterized as injuries and illnesses that affect the
musculoskeletal system. MSDs affect every population worldwide and are associated with …