Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic metals in the environment, and has noxious effects on
plant growth and production. Cd-accumulating plants showed reduced growth and …

Phytochelatins (PCs) are small cysteine-rich peptides capable of binding metal (loid) s via
SH-groups. Although the biosynthesis of PCs can be induced in vivo by various metal (loid) …

Cadmium pollution of soil restricts growth and yield of crop plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizae
play significant roles in imparting tolerance to Cd toxicity by establishing symbiotic …

Phytochelatin synthase (PCS) is an enzyme involved in the synthesis of phytochelatins,
cysteine-rich peptides which play a key role in heavy metal (HM) detoxification of plants …

Phytochelatins (PCs) play important roles in the detoxification of and tolerance to heavy
metals in plants. The synthesis of PCs is catalyzed by phytochelatin synthase (PCS), which …

Plants employ various defence strategies to ameliorate the effects of heavy metal exposures,
leading to re-establishment of metal homeostasis. One of the strategies includes the …

Phytochelatin synthases (PCSs) play essential roles in detoxification of a broad range of
heavy metals in plants and other organisms. Until now, however, no PCS gene from …

Key message Over-expression of CAX3 encoding a cation/proton exchanger enhances Cd
tolerance by decreasing ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) through activating anti-oxidative …

As sessile organisms, plants cannot move to find the best conditions for their growth and
development and are therefore uninterruptedly exposed to adverse ecological …

Anthropogenic activities, geological processes, and biogenic sources have led to the
enhanced concentration of arsenic (As), a toxic metalloid in water and soil. Non-edible …