Wolbachia are successful Gram-negative bacterial endosymbionts, globally infecting a large
fraction of arthropod species and filarial nematodes. Efficient vertical transmission, the …

Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) is the most common symbiont-induced reproductive
manipulation. Specifically, symbiont-induced sperm modifications cause catastrophic mitotic …

Wolbachia are obligate intracellular bacteria 1 that infect arthropods, including
approximately two-thirds of insect species 2. Wolbachia manipulate insect reproduction by …

The genus Wolbachia is an archetype of maternally inherited intracellular bacteria that infect
the germline of numerous invertebrate species worldwide. They can selfishly alter arthropod …

Mosquito species, members of the genera Aedes, Anopheles and Culex, are the major
vectors of human pathogens including protozoa (Plasmodium sp.), filariae and of a variety of …

Cytoplasmic incompatibility is a selfish reproductive manipulation induced by the
endosymbiont Wolbachia in arthropods. In males Wolbachia modifies sperm, leading to …

The bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia manipulates arthropod reproduction to facilitate its
maternal spread through host populations. The most common manipulation is cytoplasmic …

Wolbachia are widespread endosymbiotic bacteria that manipulate the reproduction of
arthropods through a diversity of cellular mechanisms. In cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), a …

The Wolbachia endosymbionts encompass a large group of intracellular bacteria of
biomedical and veterinary relevance, closely related to Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and …

Summary Maternally transmitted Wolbachia, Spiroplasma, and Cardinium bacteria are
common in insects [1], but their interspecific spread is poorly understood. Endosymbionts …