Endothelial cells (ECs) angiogenesis is the process of sprouting new vessels from the
existing ones, playing critical roles in physiological and pathological processes such as …

Porphyrin and iron are ubiquitous and essential for sustaining life in virtually all living
organisms. Unlike iron, which exists in many forms, porphyrin macrocycles are mostly …

Metal ions play a pivotal role in maintaining optimal brain function within the human body.
Nevertheless, the accumulation of these ions can result in irregularities that lead to brain …

Chemical proteomics using biotin probes of natural products have significantly advanced
our understanding of molecular targets and therapeutic potential. This review highlights …

Protein kinases are responsible for a myriad of cellular functions, such as cell cycle,
apoptosis, and proliferation. Because of this, kinases make excellent targets for therapeutics …

Reduction–oxidation factor-1 or apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (Ref-1/APE1) is a
crucial redox-sensitive activator of transcription factors such as NF-κB, HIF-1α, STAT-3 and …

Flavonoids are bioactive natural polyphenolic compounds with health benefits, including
anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects. Our previous studies revealed that a …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in senior adults.
The disease can be categorized into two types: wet AMD and dry AMD. Wet AMD, also …

Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) is a method that specifically kills target cells
by combining a photosensitizer and irradiation with light at the appropriate wavelength. The …

Among the all possible isomers of triazolopyrimidines, 1, 2, 4-triazolo [1, 5-a] pyrimidines are
the most important isomers owing to their vast activities in agriculture and medicinal …