Internet users have grown substantially over the last decade, especially following the
emergence of mobile technology. Most Internet connections nowadays are accessed using …

Due to the proliferation of handheld mobile devices, multimedia applications like Voice over
IP (VoIP), video conferencing, network music, and online gaming are gaining popularity in …

Abstract The Vertical Handover (VHO) is one of the most vital features provided for the
heterogeneous mobile networks. It allows Mobile Users (MUs) to keep ongoing sessions …

For frequent movement of a mobile device, there is a need for a secure registration
procedure of the mobile device by announcing its current location to the home network …

In recent years, the usage of mobile devices has become essential for people, both for
business and for their daily activities. The mobile devices can get services directly from their …

Abstract The mobile Internet Protocol (IP) is a mobility based communication protocol that
provides guidelines for the routing of mobile nodes in a network. The mobile IP manipulates …

Abstract Mobile Internet Protocol version 6 (MIPv6) maintains convergence for
communication of mobile technologies with the ability to change their IP address. In MIPv6, a …

Mobile internet protocol (MIP) is a client based mobility management protocol, and it is used
to provide continuous internet service for the user. The mobile user forwards the control and …

IPv6 mobility is an IETF standard that has added roaming capabilities of mobile node (MN). It
allows MNs to travel from one network to another without any distraction in communication …

Usage of wireless networks among the users is apparently high. But, efficiency of the
network gets decreased because of the challenges in the network. In proxy mobile IPv6 …