The surface of the Earth is the ever-changing expression of the dynamic processes
occurring at depth and at or above its surface. However, our ability to “read” landscapes in …

Earth's mantle undergoes convection on million‐year timescales as heat is transferred from
depth to the surface. While this flow has long been linked to the large‐scale horizontal forces …

We estimate the rates and patterns of vertical land motion (VLM) on all locations on Earth's
land surface using GPS Imaging. The solution is based on a large database of uniformly …

Does Earth's mantle drive plates, or do plates drive mantle flow? This long-standing
question may be ill posed, however, as both the lithosphere and mantle belong to a single …

Earth's surface topography is a direct physical expression of our planet's dynamics. Most is
isostatic, controlled by thickness and density variations within the crust and lithosphere, but …

Mantle plumes provide valuable information about whole-mantle convection: they originate
at the core-mantle boundary, cross Earth's mantle and interact with the lithosphere. For …

Mantle tomography reveals the existence of two large low-shear-velocity provinces
(LLSVPs) at the base of the mantle. We examine here the hypothesis that they are piles of …

Venus' mass and radius are similar to those of Earth. However, dissimilarities in atmospheric
properties, geophysical activity, and magnetic field generation could hint toward significant …

Continental topography is dominantly controlled by a combination of crustal thickness and
density variations. Nevertheless, it is clear that some additional topographic component is …

The head of a mantle plume can weaken the oceanic lithosphere through the combined
action of its buoyancy forces and excess temperature, which eventually induces intra …