This paper reviews the empirical methods used in the accounting literature to draw causal
inferences. Recent years have seen a burgeoning growth in the use of methods that seek to …

Social network analysis (SNA) examines whether interactions between individuals, teams,
and organizations result in network structures and patterns that can explain important …

We analyze the economic consequences on firm profitability, performance, and investments
of having another firm in the same market affiliated with a criminal organization. We do so by …

Mafia firms introduce distortions in the markets in which they operate, increasing the cost of
doing business for peer firms. We investigate whether peers respond by increasing their tax …

Purpose This study aims to investigate transition patterns originating from the confiscation of
mafia-type firms, examining public administrations and nonprofit organizations' roles …

We exploit staggered municipality-level antimafia enforcement actions in Italy over the 1995–
2015 period to study how the presence of organized crime affects firms. Following …

While the shareholder benefits of audits are well documented, evidence on whether audits
can facilitate opportunistic behavior by corporate insiders is scarce. In this paper, we …

This article studies legitimate businesses confiscated from mafia groups in Italy to assess
whether mafia investment patterns across industries depend on the characteristics of the …

The presence of illegal organizations in economic development settings contributes to the
Italian economy's regional heterogeneity by exacerbating other inefficiencies. We aim to …

In this paper, I assess the causal effects of judicial administration on a sample of Italian
criminal firms in the period 2004–2016 to shed light on the dynamic path of the firm's …