A procedure performed by using a generic two port reciprocal network instead of a standard
thru in a full two-port error correction of an automatic network analyzer is presented …

This is a generic block diagram of a 4 channel network analyzer. The source can be
switched to excite port-1 or port-2 of the device under test (DUT). The switch also provides a …

It was during the late 1950s that the need for reliable measurement, and therefore reliable
measurement standards, at RF and microwave frequencies began to emerge. This led to the …

In this paper, some of the latest advances in real-time load-pull technologies will be
described. A recently introduced ultralow-loss directional coupler, which has been designed …

This paper describes a software, METAS VNA Tools II, which is designed to compute
uncertainties of coaxial S-parameter measurements. A bottom-up concept is used. Thus …

A generalized multiport network analyzer implemented using commercially available
hardware is presented. Measurement calibration is accomplished through a novel …

This paper assesses the accuracy of several proposed lumped-element calibration
techniques for four-sampler vector network analyzers in the face of imperfectly defined …

A new error model for a special class of multiport vector network analyzers (VNAs) is
presented in this paper. This model can be applied to multiport network analyzers with …

To perform system error correction of a microwave vector network analyzer (VNA), several
calibration procedures are applied, several of which are derived from the well-known short …

Many calibration algorithms for vector network analyzers using partially unknown standards
can be stated as an eigenvalue problem. The construction of the eigenvalue problem is …