In the coming years and decades, advanced space-and ground-based observatories will
allow an unprecedented opportunity to probe the atmospheres and surfaces of potentially …

We describe how environmental context can help determine whether oxygen (O2) detected
in extrasolar planetary observations is more likely to have a biological source. Here we …

Ground-and space-based planet searches employing radial velocity techniques and transit
photometry have detected thousands of planet-hosting stars in the Milky Way. With so many …

We present an update of the open-source photochemical kinetics code VULCAN to include
C–H–N–O–S networks and photochemistry. The additional new features are advection …

A long-term goal of exoplanet studies is the identification and detection of biosignature
gases. Beyond the most discussed biosignature gas O2, only a handful of gases have been …

Observations of exoplanet atmospheres have shown that aerosols, like in the solar system,
are common across a variety of temperatures and planet types. The formation and …

The recent inference of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the atmosphere of the hot (approximately
1,100 K), Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b from near-infrared JWST observations …

Finding life on exoplanets from telescopic observations is an ultimate goal of exoplanet
science. Life produces gases and other substances, such as pigments, which can have …

Characterizing the atmospheres of extrasolar planets is the new frontier in exoplanetary
science. The last two decades of exoplanet discoveries have revealed that exoplanets are …

Exoplanet hunting efforts have revealed the prevalence of exotic worlds with diverse
properties, including Earth-sized bodies, which has fueled our endeavor to search for life …