Intergalactic space is filled with a pervasive medium of ionized gas, the intergalactic medium
(IGM). A residual neutral fraction is detected in the spectra of quasistellar objects at both low …

We study metal depletion due to dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) to infer the properties
of dust grains and characterize the metal and dust content of galaxies down to low metallicity …

We investigate the population of z= 3 damped Lyman α systems (DLAs) in a recent series of
high-resolution galaxy formation simulations. The simulations are of interest because they …

Aims. We present the current status of ongoing searches for molecular hydrogen in high-
redshift (1.8< z abs≤ 4.2) Damped Lyman-α systems (DLAs) capitalising on observations …

Aims. We present early optical spectroscopy of the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB
060206 with the aim of determining the metallicity of the GRB absorber and the physical …

We present the first detection of carbon monoxide (CO) in a damped Lyman-α system (DLA)
at z abs= 2.41837 toward SDSS J143912. 04+ 111740.5. We also detected H 2 and HD …

The action for a relativistic free particle of mass m receives a contribution− mds from a path
of infinitesimal length ds. Using this action in a path integral, one can obtain the Feynman …

We report the clear detection of the 2175 Å dust absorption feature in the optical afterglow
spectrum of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 070802 at a redshift of z= 2.45. This is the …

We present the detection of Ly α,[O iii], and H α emission associated with an extremely
strong damped Lyman-α (DLA) system (N (H i)= 10 22.10 cm-2) at z= 2.207 towards the …

We report results from a programme aimed at investigating the temperature of neutral gas in
high-redshift damped Lyman α absorbers (DLAs). This involved (1) H i 21 cm absorption …