Chromium is a potentially toxic metal occurring in water and groundwater as a result of
natural and anthropogenic sources. Microbial interaction with mafic and ultramafic rocks …

Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal that is heavily discharged into the soil environment
due to its widespread use and mining. High Cr levels may pose toxic hazards to plants …

Increasing concentration of heavy metals (HM) due to various anthropogenic activities is a
serious problem. Plants are very much affected by HM pollution particularly in contaminated …

Industrial applications and commercial processes release a lot of chromium into the
environment (soil, surface water or atmosphere) and resulting in serious human diseases …

The heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) are extensively used in industry and
result in water and soil contamination. The highly toxic Cd (II) and Cr (VI) are the most …

Chromium (Cr) is most widely used heavy metal with vast applications in industrial sectors
such as metallurgy, automobile, leather, electroplating, etc. Subsequently, these industries …

In this era of rapid industrialization and modernization, contamination of the environment
with heavy metals from natural and anthropogenic sources without proper disposal …

Microorganisms play pivotal roles in shaping ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles. Their
intricate interactions involve complex biochemical processes. Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT …

Chromium (Cr) is the seventh most abundant chemical element in the Earth's crust, and Cr
(III) and Cr (VI) are common stable valence states of Cr. Several Cr-containing substances …

Abstract Gentle Remediation Options (GROs), such as biostimulation, bioaugmentation,
phytoremediation and vermiremediation, are cost-effective and environmentally-friendly …