Often, biogeography is applied only as a narrative addition to phylogenetic studies and lacks
scientific rigour. However, if research questions are framed as hypotheses, biogeographical …

Living gymnosperms comprise only a little more than 1000 species, but represent four of the
five main lineages of seed plants, including cycads, ginkgos, gnetophytes and conifers. This …

Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis (DIVA) is one of the most widely used methods of inferring
biogeographic histories. Here we present a simple tool that complements DIVA and uses a …

It is thought that speciation in phytophagous insects is often due to colonization of novel host
plants, because radiations of plant and insect lineages are typically asynchronous. Recent …

Geographic characters—traits describing the spatial distribution of a species—may both
affect and be affected by processes associated with lineage birth and death. This is …

Replicate radiations provide powerful comparative systems to address questions about the
interplay between opportunity and innovation in driving episodes of diversification and the …

The origin of the western honey bee Apis mellifera has been intensely debated. Addressing
this knowledge gap is essential for understanding the evolution and genetics of one of the …

Late Mesozoic palaeobiogeography has been characterized by a distinction between the
northern territories of Laurasia and the southern landmasses of Gondwana. The repeated …

The avian family Timaliidae is a species rich and morphologically diverse component of
African and Asian tropical forests. The morphological diversity within the family has attracted …

Angiosperms, a trigger for the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution (KTR), underwent a rapid
expansion and occupied all the environments during the Mid-Upper Cretaceous. Yet …