The complexity of host–pathogen interactions often leads to distinct clinical outcomes upon
infection with different pathogen strains. In this Review, we explore the interactions between …

Chagas disease is currently endemic to 21 Latin-American countries and has also become a
global concern because of globalization and mass migration of chronically infected …

Immunotherapies are disease management strategies that target or manipulate components
of the immune system. Infectious diseases pose a significant threat to human health as …

Chagas disease is a major neglected tropical disease, transmitted predominantly by
triatomine insect vectors, but also through congenital and oral routes. While endemic in the …

Introduction Chronic infection with the protozoal parasite Trypanosoma cruzi leads to a
progressive cardiac disease, known as chronic Chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC). A new …

Background Chagas disease, also known as American Trypanosomiasis, is a chronic
parasitic disease caused by the flagellated protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi that affects about …

Chagas disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is endemic in 21
Latin American countries and the southern United States and now is spreading into several …

Prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccines have an important potential to control
Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection. The involvement of regulatory/suppressor immune …

Introduction: Three decades of evidence have demonstrated that plants are an affordable
platform for biopharmaceutical production and delivery. For instance, several plant-made …

American Trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease (ChD), a major problem that is still endemic
in large areas of Latin America, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. This agent holds a major …