Objective Highly automated vehicles may permit alternative seating postures, which could
alter occupant kinematics and challenge current restraint designs. One predicted posture is …

Current highly automated vehicle concepts include reclined seat layouts that could allow
occupants to relax during the drive. The main objective of this study was to investigate the …

Presently, most passive safety tests are performed with a precisely specified seat position
and carefully seated ATD (anthropomorphic test device) dummies. Facing the development …

Load limiters at seat track, seat, seat back, and lap belt were investigated to determine their
effect on pelvis and lumbar spine loading, using the SAFER human body model and models …

Reclined seating configurations, relevant to the future of Autonomous Driving Systems is likely
to challenge the curren Page 1 Abstract Reclined seating configurations, relevant to the future …

Virtual tools, such as human body models (HBMs), can support advances in vehicle
development and restraint system design. The goal of this study is to evaluate selected …

Pelvis fractures between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and anterior inferior iliac
spine (AIIS) have been observed in frontal-crash sled tests over the last 50 years. This paper …

Disparities in injury tolerance and kinematic response remain understudied despite field
data highlighting sex-based differences in injury risk. Furthermore, the automotive industry …

Automated vehicles come with the expectation of new, comfortable seating positions, in
particular with seats moved rearward to increase legroom, and with reclined seatbacks and …

While differences in injury risk between males and females have been highlighted using
field data, sex differences in kinematic response and injury tolerance remain understudied in …