We now understand that, in the general construction of structures, the selection of reinforcing
materials plays a critical role in guaranteeing structural durability and integrity. The …

GFRP bars are a lightweight, non-corrosion material with high tensile strength. One of its
drawbacks is that it has a low modulus of elasticity compared to steel bars. This research …

The urban transport system is a heterogeneous system and is in serious trouble. Traffic
congestion has become a major socio-economic problem in both urban and rural areas …

Most high-rise structures today are designed with floating columns for aesthetic purposes
and the need for efficient use of space. Lattice columns are vertical load-bearing elements …

Traditionally, reinforced concrete structures are constructed using steel rebars as
reinforcement which is more susceptible to reinforcement corrosion in severe exposure …